Woven-fringe loom



Jan. 13. 1925. 1,522,863

R. w. BROWN 4 WOVEN FRI NGE LOOM Filed June 29. 1923 5 sheets-sheet 1 R. W. BROWN WOVEN FRINGE LOOM Filed June 29 1923 5 Sheets-Sham Q 7 R. W. BROWN WOVEN FRINGE LOOM Filed June 29. 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 R. W. BROWN WOVEN FRINGE LOOM Filed June 29. 1925 s sneet s sheet 4 Fatented den. 13, 1925.

Bonnier w; Beowa, or enioaeo, ILLINOIS, ss-lanes To ESE: wnLLisnR COMPANY, or CHICAGO, rumors; A CORPORATION or ILLINOIS.

WOVEN-FRINGE room;

Applicatiohfiled June 29,

To all whom z'tmay concern:

Be it knownthat LROBERT W. BROW citizen of vthe United States, residing in Chicago, Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in (oven- Fringe Looms, of which the followlng 1s a specification.

Onc object of my invention is to provide an improved fringe making loom of comparatively simple and compact construction which can be run at great speed, said loom being capable of making a fringe having a woven heading with projecting fringestrands either twisted in the form of bullion or of-an open loop formation.

Another object is tOI so construct my improved fringe loom that it will operate with precision and eXactitude and so that it will be. practically impossible for it to miss a pick or produce inferior work.

A further object is to so construct, arrange and operate the parts ofmy invention as to cause a minimum amount of friction on the yarn during the insertion of the fringe-strand-producing weft, thereby insuring free and easy operation of said parts and a durable and uniform fringe.

These objects and other advantageous ends which will be set forth hereinafter, l attain in the following manner, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a top plan view of a woven fringe loom made in accordance with my invention,

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the loom shown in Figure 1,

Figures 3, 4:, 5 and 6 are fragmentary top plan views of certain of the parts of my invention drawn on a larger scale than Figures 1 and 2 and illustrating various steps during the. operation of the loom,

Figure 7 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 7 of Figure 3,

Figure 8 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 88 of Figure 4:,

Figure 9 is a fragmentary sectional View taken on the line 9-9 of Figure 5,

liigure 10 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 1010 of Figure 6,

Figure 11 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the loop of weft having been cast from the position shown in Figures 6. and 10 by th downward movement of a 1923. Serial no. 648,520.

tion of the'weft insertingivandcarrying member which forms a part of my'invention; i

Referring to the drawings, "20 represents a frame or supporting structure which has a top 21 preferably of metal. -This top, preferably has a fiat upper surface 22 and is supported on legs: 23'. e V a v Mounted in suitable bearings' 24e ,at the side of the frame below thetopj21fis a shaft 25. p This shaft extends lengthwise of the frame andat one end has a clutch This clutch may be of any suitable character and in the present instance in.- oludes'a portion 27 in the form of a pulley which rotates loosely on the axisof the shaft 25 and'can be driven by any suitable belt, not illustrated. The clutch 26 i];- oludes a collar 28 which is slidably keyed to'the shaft 25 and has apart 29 adapted when the collar is slid towardthe portion 27, to' receive the rotation of the pulley; The collar 28 can be moved by means of a lever 30 which is pivotally'mounted at 31 on the bottom of an extension 82, of the top 21; t is thus obvious that the shaft 25 can be caused to rotate when the clutch collar is moved in one direction and caused to remain idle when the clutch collar is moved in the opposite direction." 'The shaft 25 constitutes the maindrive shaft of the loom and from this shaft the various parts of the loom receive their 'motionsas will be described hereinafter.

The top 21 has an aperture or slot 33, the sides 3% of which are preferably made parallel as shown in Figure l Two guide members 35 and 36 are secured to the top 21 adjacent the sides 34 of theaperture 33, said guide members having upright elongated portions 37 and 38 which are directly opposite each other and these portions include grooves or channels 39 which form slideways for the opposite edges of two heddle frames 40 and 41. The upright portions 37 and 38 of the guide members extend above and below the top 21 as clearly shown by the portion 38 in Figure 2.

The heddle frames 40 and 4:1 are preferably made ofme'tal and the frames proper can be cast and include depending extensions 40 practically of the same cross-section or diam- 42 and 43 which, adjacent their lower ends, are curved or bent rearwardly as clearly shown in Figure 2 of the drawings. These extensions 42 and 43 are in different planes within the width of the loom as shown in Figure 1 and at their lower ends are pivotally connected to portions 44 and 45 of eccentric straps 46 and 47, said eccentric straps being respectively mounted on eccentrics 48 and 49. The eccentrics 48' and 49 are secured to a transverse shaft 50 which has bearings on'the under part of the top 21 and said eccentrics are positioned in the present instance one hundred and'eighty degrees apart. It is obvious that a rotation of the shaft 50 will cause the heddle frames to slide upward and downward in the slideway grooves 39. The warp 51 as illustrated is separated intotwo series, 52 and 53 of ends, the series 52 being controlled by the heddle frame 40 and the series 53 being controlled by the heddle frame 41, said warp being employed to interweave with a weft thread, hereinafter mentioned, to produce the heading of the fringe. The shaft 50 has a bevel gear 54 secured thereto and this bevel gearmeshes with a bevel pinion 55 which issecured to the main driving shaft 25 so that upon rotation of the shaft 25 the eccentrics 48 and 49 will be operated to actuate the heddle frames and thereby successively. produce sheds in the warp during from top to bottom and said hole at its top is of suchdiameter as to admit the raising and lowering therethrough of a pin 58. In other words, the top of the hole 57 is eter as the pin. The pin is movably se-' cured to the inner end of a lever 59 and the lever at its outer end is pivoted at 60 to one of the bearings 24. The lever 59 is held in engagement with a cam 61' by a spring arm 62, said spring arm having a coil portion 63 which is supported by said latter bearing 24. The cam 61, being secured to the shaft 25, will, upon rotation of the shaft, tend to move the lever 59 upward on its pivot and the spring arm 62 will move the lever 59 downward when permitted to do so by the cam 61. Thus the pin 58 will be moved so that its upper end will project above the base 56 and afterwards will be lowered as will be described more fully hereinafter.

A weft inserting member 64 in the form of a rod is slidably mounted in bearings 65 and 66, said latter bearing being formed on an extension 67 of the top 21 while the bearing 65 projects upward fromthe top tion, clearly shown in Figure 12, which forms an important part of my invention. This end portion is bifurcated by forming an elongated notch 68 in one end, said notch extending vertically from top to bottom of the rod to produce an opening and also to produce the furcations 69 and 70. Each of these furcations is forked at its outer end by producing therein V-shaped notches 71 and 72 sothat the tines 73 of the forks are widely separated at their outer ends. Said V-shaped notches constitute mouths trans versely through which'a portion of the weft thread 74 extends during the action of the loom, hereinafter described.

The weft thread 74 may extend from any suitable means such,-for example, as a spool or a creel and passes freely through the heddle frames40 and 41 and then through a guide eyelet 75, said guide eyelet being so positioned that when the rod 64 is in its retracted position as shown in Figure 1, the weft thread will preferably extend through at least one ofthe months 71 or 72; the arrangement beingpreferably such that the weft thread, where it crosses the path of travel of the rod 64, will be centrally located in front of both of the mouths 71 and 72.

The rod 64 is reciprocated in the following manner. A lever 76 is pivotally m0unted at 77 under the top 21 and has an arm 78 which carries a roller 79. The roller 79 engages within a cam groove 80 on a cam 81, thelatter being secured to the shaft 25. The lever 76 has on its opposite end an offset arm 82 which is provided with a bore 83 in which slides a stem 84, said stem having 1. bifurcated end 85 which embraces and is pivotally secured to the rod 64 between the oea-rings 65 and 66 so that the rocking of the lever 76 on the pivot 77 will'cause the rod 74 to reciprocate lengthwise in a path so that a vertical plane passing centrally through the notch- 68will include theaxis of the pin 58. The cam slot 80 is so shaped as to effect said reciprocation of the rod 64 allowing a dwell at the end of each stroke or movement-of the rod 64. The cam slot 80 is so designed that it will cause movement of the rod 64'toward the pin 58 and stop the rod 64 with the notch 68 over the pin 58. hen the notch 68 is over the pin 58, it is obvious'that if the pin 58 moves upwardly, it will pass through the notch 68. This action occurs during one step of the operation of the loom as will hereinafter be described more specifically.

A lay 86 is secured to a rockshaft 87 which is journaled in a bearing 88 dependin g from the top 21. The rockshaft 87 has an arm 89 secured thereto and this arm 89 has an eyelet 90 through which extends adepending part 91 of .an eccentric strap 92 said eccentric strap embracing and being operated by an eccentric 93 which is secured to messes the shaft 25. The lower end of the extension 91 has abutting means 94, in the present instance, in the form of nuts screwed on said extension 91 and adapted to abut the eyelet '90 when the extension 91 of the eccentric strap is raised by the action of the eccentric 93. A torsion spring 95 operates to move the arm 89 downward when permitted to do so by'the action of the eccentric 93 so that a beat-up action of the lay is'eifected by the eccentric and the return movement of the lay is effected by the action of the torsion spring 95.

It may be stated at the present time that the woven fringe 96 passes over a take-up roller 97 which is preferably knurled on its peripheral face and afterwards passes be tween said roller 97 and a pressure roller 98, the latter being mounted on a pivoted lever 99 which has thereon a weight 100 so that the roller 98 firmly holds the woven fringe in contact with the roller 97. The roller 97 is actuated by a train of gears 101, 102, 103' and 104, and said gear 104 being in the form of a worm gear which is actuated by a worm 105 on the shaft 25. Thus when the fringe is woven, it will be properly taken up and kept under the proper tension by the means just described.

The weft 74 is kept under tension by any suitable means and I have illustrated for this purpose a spring 106 which is connected with an eyelet 107 through which the weft strand 74 passes, said spring being also connected to any suitable supporting structure as indicated at 108 so that tension is applied to the weft thread in the direction of its length to keep the same comparatively taut while passing from its spool or creel to the portion of the fringe which has been previously woven.

Furthermore, when making fringe with twisted strands of bullion, such as illustrated in the drawings, the weft is previously prepared in a manner, for example, as by imparting a certain twist thereto which after having been interwoven with the warp will automatically twist into the strands as illustrated in the drawing after having been cast from the pin 58 in a manner hereinafter described.

In the operation of the loom, considering that the parts are in the positions illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings with the rear heddle frame 40 raised and the forward heddle frame 41 lowered to produce a shed in the warp, the lay being in its rear position'and the pin 58 in its lowered position, a rotation of the shaft 25 in the direction of the arrow 00 will cause the rod 64 to move from the position shown in Figures 1 and 2 in the direction shown by the arrows 2 illustrated in Figures 3 and 7 and during this action a portion 7 4 of the weft will engage within the mouths 71 and 72 of the tines 73 of the furcations 69 and and e20 tend transversely across the elongated notch 68 as clearly shown in Figures 3 and 7 and a loop of the weft 74 will be pushed through the shed of the warp forward of the lay- 86. The movement of said rod 64 in said latter direction will continue until it has reached the position shown in Figures 4 and 8 in which position the top of the pin 58 is directly under the notch 68 of the rod 64 in a position between the part 74 of the weft thread and the inner end168 of thenotch 68 as clearly shown in Figures 4 and 8. The next action of the loom is for the cam 61 to raise the lever 59 against the action of the spring arm 62 to cause the pin 58 to be raised so as to pass through the notch 68 of the rod 64 to a position above the level of the loop of weft as shown in Figures 5 and 9 and when in this position the pin 58 has its upper portion located between the inner side walls of the notch 68, the portion 74 of the weft thread, and the inner end 68 of the notch 68, as clearly shown in Figures 5 and 9. The next movement of the loom is for the rod 64 to move into a retracted position or, in other words, from the position shown in Figures 5 and 9 to theposition shown in Figures 6 and 10. During this action the loop of the weft thread will engage around thepin 58 forward of the lay, and upon a continued movement of the loom the lay will beat up the loop while being retained by the pin 58 and the shed of the warp will be changed to interlock the beat-up loop of the weft. It will be noted that the beat-up action of said lay is effected by the action of the eccentric 93, the rod 64 having been retracted to such position that its bifurcated end will be clear of the path of movement of the lay. The shedding action is accomplished by the movement of the eccentrics 48 and 49 previously described, andthe lay is afterwards returned to its rear or normal position due to the action of the torsion spring 95 governed by the movement of the eccentric 93. Prior to the return of the lay to its rear position after having effected the beat-up of said loop, the pin 58 is: lowered due to the action of the cam 61 and the spring arm 62 and the loop will be cast from said pin and owing to the original twist of the weft the loop will automatically twist in helical formation and the other end can drop off the base 56 into the aperture 33; the take-up being effected by the elements 97 and 98 in a manner previously described. During the take-up ac tion, the movement of the heading will cause the strands to be moved from a position away from the aperture 33 and the fringe with the woven heading 109 and strands 110 of bullion can be wound or wrapped on any suitable means.

It will be noted that with my improved &

construction that the pin 58 serves as an anchor and that the lay. forms the moving element of the beat-up of the loops of the weft, thus insuring a positive action in a simple form so that in making the fringe as illustrated, it is merely required that the pin 58 have an up-and-down movement and since the pin passes through a hole of substantially the same diameter as the pin, a firm backing is provided for the pin to resist any. tension of the yarn when looped thereon. Furthermore, the arrangement of the bifurcated end of the rod 64 is such as not to require the threading of the weft therethrough since the wide open mouths of the furcations insure the proper positioning of the weft transversely across the notch; the eye 7 5 and the previously woven portion of the head insuring that the weft is always in the proper plane so as to engage within both mouths of the rod 64 when said rod 64 starts its movement to insert a loop of the weft through the shed of the warp.- It will, of course, be understood that owing to the tension on the weft thread that the part of the weft thread between the eye'75 and the interwoven heading will be kept straight and it has been found that the machine can be run at far greater speed than heretofore possible on fringe machines without possibility of missing of a pick. Furthermore, owing to the fact that the pin 58 acts as an anchor and v that the beat-up is effected by the lay which can be made strong, comparatively few movements are required and this also allows for a great speeding-up of the loom.

I preferably locate the pin 58 in a plane slightly forward of the plane of beat-up as clearly shown in Figures 3, 4 and 6 which allows the beat-up of each looped strand slightly in advance of the strand previously interwoven so that at the cas off position the strands will be practically parallel. Furthermore, by providing the aperture 33 so as to extend slightly forward of the cast-oif position of the loops each loop, after being cast off the pin 58, can slightly drop to a position so as not to interfere with the formation of the next loop in the order of weaving, I also preferably provide the top 21 with a rib 21 so that during the take-up the fringe strands can be again elevated so as to pass smoothly-to the take-up rollers.

' I have above described my invention as making the fringe with the twisted strands, however, it will be noted that if a normal weft is used that it is possible to make the strands of the fringe without any twist, or, in other words, merely in the form of loops. However, the twisted strand fringe is used for numerous purposes such, for example, as for the trimming of awnings and is in comparatively great demand and I have, therefore, particularly mentioned the loomin its connection with making fringe of the latter mentioned type.

By having the nuts 94 secured on the extension 91 of, the eccentric strap 92, adjustment can be readily made for varying the extent of the beat-up.

Also,. the lower ends of the eccentric strap extensions 44 and 45 are in screw-threaded connection with the parts which are pivotallyattached to the extensions 42 and 43 of the heddle frames and here again it ispos sible to secure. adjustment of the heddle frames.

Asillustrated in Figure 1, two of the strands of bullion appear to be shorter than the other strands. However, it will be noted that this apparent shortnessis merely due to the fact that said two strands of bullion are illustratedas over the aperture 33 and hence dropped into a position in which they would appear foreshortened when viewed from the top. These two strands, however, are actually the same length as'the other strands illustrated.

- Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: p

1. In a fringe loom, means for efiecting sheds in a warp; a reciprocating anchor; a base providing a slide-way for said anchor of substantiallythe same cross sectionas the anchor whereby said anchor is confined to its reciprocating movement; and means for moving loops of weft between and through said sheds with portions of said weft loops projecting beyond said warp and adjacent said base, said anchor during its reciprocations being operative when moving in one direction to project through a weft loop and hold the same during the withdrawal of said weft moving'means, said anchor during movement in the opposite direction being operative to withdraw from the loop, said base acting as abutting means for the loop to insure the casting of the loop fromthe anchor.

2. In a fringe loom,.means for efiecting sheds in a warp; weft inserting means having an end portion with a notch extending inwardly from the end to provide furcations at each side of the notch, said furcations having indentations providing mouths; means for'normally holding a portion of the weft in the plane of said mouths whereby when said end portion is moved through the sheds of warp, a loop of said weft will also be pushed therethrough with a part within said mouths and extending across the outer portion of the notch; a pin; means for moving the pin through said notch between said extending part of the weft and the inner end of the notch; means for retracting said weft inserting means whereby the loop of weft will remain anchored on .the pin;

means independent of the pin for beating up the loop; and means for moving the pin to cast the loop.

in a fringe loom, means for effecting sheds in a warp; means providing base having, a hole; a pin slidably fittingsaid hole; means for moving a loop of weft through a shed in the warp and beyond said warp to a position over said pin; means for sliding said pin through said hole and through the loop; means for beating up said'loop while anchored on said pin; and means for sliding said pin into a position to cast said loop.

4.111 a fringe loom, means for effecting sheds in a warp; means providing an aperture: a base adjacent said aperture, said base ha ing loop anchoring means; means for movingloops of weft through a shed of the warp to said anchoring means whereby the anchoringmeans will hold the loop;

means for beating up the loop; and means i posit oned; means for sliding the pm 111 said for casting the beat-up loop whereby said loop can drop into said aperture.

5. In a. fringe loom, means for effecting sheds in awarp; means providing an aperture; a base adjacent said aperture, said base having loop anchoring means; means for moving loops of weft through a shed of the warp to said anchoring means whereby the anchoring means will hold the loop; means for beating up the loop; and means for casting the beat-up loop whereby said loop can drop into said aperture, said anchoring means being positioned in advance of the line of beat-up.

6. The combination of means for inserting loops of weft through the sheds of warp, said means having a notch across which the weft freely extends; an anchor member movable through the notch between said extending portion of the weft and the wall of the notch; means for retracting the weft inserting member so as to leave a loop of the weft around the anchor member and to entirely free the weft inserting member of the weft thread; and means for effecting the casting of said loop from the anchor member.

7. In a fringe loom, means for effecting sheds in a warp; means operative in a path at a slant to the length of the warp for moving loops of weft between and through said sheds with portions thereof projecting beyond said Warp; a reciprocating anchor for temporarily holding said portions in set positions while said second means returns to a position outside of the sheds of warp" said anchor being positioned in advance of the line of beat-up; and means for beating up the portions of said weft Within the confines of the warp to produce a woven heading.

8. In a fringe loom, means for effecting sheds in a warp; means providing abase,

and having a hole atone side of the warp; an anchor pin slidably fitting saidhole; means for inserting loops of weft through the sheds of the warp and to said anchor pin; whereby, the latter holds the loops.

while the loop inserting means moves out of the sheds of warp; means for beating up the loops of weft into the warp; and means for sliding said anchor pin in said hole to cast the loops.

9. In a fringe loom, means for effecting sheds in a warp; weft inserting means having an end portion with a notch therein; means for normally holding a portion of the weft in the path of movement of said inserting means whereby the latter will push a loop of the weft throughthe shed of the warp with the loop extending across said notch; means providing a base having a hole atone side of the warp; an anchor pin slid-ably fitting said hole and over which the notch of said sliding means is adapted to be hole so as to project through said notch between the weft and the wall of the notch whereby the pin will be located within the loop of the weft; means for retracting the weft inserting means to a position outside of the confines of the warp shed; means for beating up the loop of weft; and means for sliding the pin in said hole to cast the loop.

10. In a fringe loom, a supporting structure providing an aperture; means located adjacent the sides of said aperture and providing a slideway; heddle frames engaging said slideway; means for actuating the heddle frames; a base located at one side of the aperture and having a hole therein; an anchor pin slidably fitting said hole; a weft inserting member positioned adjacent the opposite side of said aperture and movable through the warp sheds toward and from said pin to produce loops of weft and carry them to the pin, whereby the sliding action of the pin in one direction will hold the loops formed by said inserting member; means for beating up said loops into the warp: and means for sliding said pin in an opposite direction to cast said loops.

11. In a fringe loom. means for effecting sheds in a warp; weft inserting means hav ing an end portion with a notch extending inwardly from the end to provide furcations at each side of the notch the ends of said furcations having V-shaped indentations providing mouths; means for normal- 1y holding a portion of the weft in the plane of said mouths whereby when said end portion is moved through the sheds of warp, a loop of said weft will also be pushed therethrough with a part within said mouths and extending across the outer portion of the notch; a pin; means for moving the pin through said notch between said extending part of the weft and the inner end of the notch; means for retracting said WVGf'L in serting means whereby the loop of Weft Will remain anchored on the pin; means inde- 'said end, the Weft thread being adapted to be engaged by said furcations so as to freely extend transversely across said notch; an

anchor member movable through said notch between said transversely extending portion of the Weft and the inner Wall of said notch; means for retracting the Weft inserting member so as to leave a loop of Weft around the anchor member; and means for efiecting the casting of said loop from the anchor member.

13. In a fringe loom, means for effecting Y sheds in a Warp; means for moving loops of Weft between and through said sheds With portions thereof projecting beyond said Warp; an anchor having a reciprocating movement and being independent of said moving means for temporarily holding said portions While said second means returns to a position outsideof said sheds,-'-s'aid anchor during said movement in one direction being operative to pass through said loops to effect said holding, said anchor during its movement in the opposite direction being operative to free the loops; a lay for heating up the portions of said Weft Within the confines of the warp to produce awoven heading; and means providing aguide-Way for said anchor to prevent lateral deviation from said reciprocating movement.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of tWo subscribing witnesses I ROBERT W. BROWN. lVitnesses J. F. VAUGHA ERNEST KIESWETTER. 

